Intelligentguess

Analysis of Market Economics

April 16th, 2007

The Rupee Juggernaut rolls on

The Indian rupee (INR) continued its streak of hitting new highs in the fx market for the third day running.

The absence of intervention from the central bank has helped the local currency on its way.

INR closed Monday’s spot trading session at 1 : 41.90 to the US Dollar, close to a decade high.

The strong momentum displayed by the rupee has been backed by large portfolio flows which show no sign of abating.

It remains to be seen if the central bank intervenes in the markets during Tuesday’s trading session.

High money rates (or at least expectations of high rates) have kept the movement in forward rates in relative check when compared to the spot.

Three month forward premia are in excess of 6.5% annualised while the one year premia is also in excess of 5% pa.

To me, the market seems to be bracing for more monetary tightening from the RBI, possibly a further hike in the cash reserve ratio.

Personally I feel any such move, if at all forthcoming, would probably be announced only in the annual monetary policy statement due on April 24 and not earlier.

April 16th, 2007

IMF - Reform yourself; says India

India has urged the International Monetary Fund to usher in reforms to reflect the new world economic reality.

In a recent speech at the IMF, Rakesh Mohan, the deputy governor of the Reserve Bank of India said

The challenge today is to achieve this reform through a new, simple, transparent and linear quota formula. We believe that this is possible if we work towards a new quota formula that seeks to achieve two outcomes. First, such a formula must result in the rebalancing of quota shares in keeping with the economic changes that have taken place globally. Second, and equally important, is the objective that quota shares of low-income countries are protected to the fullest extent possible. We find that these twin outcomes can only be met if, in the hypothetical new formula, GDP is computed entirely on purchasing power parity (PPP) basis. No halfway house of blending GDP at market exchange rates with GDP on PPP would meet these twin objectives. Furthermore, the ‘openness’ variable in the calculation of quotas needs a close scrutiny in the context of countries having a common currency. We are of the view that our proposal for comprehensive reforms alone will result in adequate, equitable and appropriate representation for developing countries. Such a broader representation of the developing countries would enhance the acceptability, ownership and effectiveness of the Fund’s programmes and policies.

GDP on PPP basis.

Now, I’ve read somewhere that India ranks No.4 (behind the US, China and Japan) in size of the economy when measured by GDP on PPP basis.

No Wonder!

 

Full Text of the speech

April 16th, 2007

USA - Producer prices continue to grow in Mar’07

 

Situation

On a monthly basis -

  • Prices rose  1.36% in Mar’07 ( 1.12% in Feb’07)
  • Core inflation (prices excluding energy and food) was at 0% ( 0.31% in Jan’07 )

On an annual basis -

  • Producer Prices rose 3.2 % p.a in Mar’07 ( 2.53% p.a in Feb’07).
  • Core inflation  rose 1.70% in Mar’07 ( 1.83% p.a in Jan’07) 

 

Background

 

Conclusion

In the previous report on PPI , it was expected that it would range between 0% p.a - 3% p.a till mid’07 after which it would rise towards 4% p.a towards end’07. This factored in a drop in crude in Apr’07 ( which has not happened as yet)

 

 

At the same time core inflation looks like it is on the rise towards 2.50% p.a (click on image ). Even if the crude prices drop - core inflation would keep the PPI on a rise.

 

 

 

 

 

It is more likely that PPI will rise / retain a rate above 3.2 % p.a towards a  4% p.a towards Jun’07( i.e  the rise towards 4% p.a could be happening now - instead of post Jun’07 ) before falling back to a 1% p.a towards Dec’07.

(click on image for a better visual)   

 

Consumer Prices can therefore be expected to be on a rise towards Mid’07.

 

The Fed cannot in these circumstances consider a drop in interest rates (and may get into a mode of considering a hike)

 

Related links

April 16th, 2007

Euro area - Production (IIP) grows in Feb’07

 

Situation

  • On a monthly basis IIP grew by 0.57% in Feb’07 ( as compared to a -0.46% in Jan’07)
  • On an annual basis IIP grew by 4.21 % p.a in Feb’07 ( as compared a 3.40% p.a in Jan’07)

 

Background

 

Conclusion 

  1. IIP can be expected to grow between 5.4% p.a ( on the upside) and 2.2% p.a (on the downside) in the coming months.
  2. Taking the new order trend in Jan’07 into consideration it looks likely that Production may still have some upside growth in Mar’07 ( on an annual basis), prior to dropping towards Mid’07

 

 

 

Related links

April 16th, 2007

India - Production continues to drop in Feb’07 …….. and the Indian govt may in future show it as higher or lower - depending on which side of the bed they wake up

Situation

On a monthly basis - production ( IIP)  contracted to a negative -4.8% growth in Feb’07 ( as compared to a 1.3% growth in Jan’07).

On an annual basis - Feb’07 grew at 11%  p.a ( down from 11.4% p.a). Production has had a continuous drop since Nov’06 ( 15.8% p.a)

On a 3 month average basis ( to take out any “adjustments/ re-arrangement” ) - the annual growth was at 11.7% p.a. (13.2% p.a in Jan’07)  The average was growing since Oct’06 ( 8.9% p.a) and peaked in Jan’07.

Background

The Serengeti hosts the largest and longest overland migration in the world, a biannual occurrence. Around October, nearly 2 million herbivores travel from the northern hills toward the southern plains, crossing the Mara River, in pursuit of the rains( 500 miles) . In April, they then return to the north through the west, once again crossing the Mara river.

These herbivores face immense dangers crossing the Mara  river ( crocodiles) , and in the Masai Mara plains.(Lions and Hyenas)

This event is far more organized and efficient than the manner in which the Indian Government (GOI) / Reserve Bank of India (RBI)  has recently gone about in managing India’s monetary policy /  economic policy.

The GOI / RBI has gone on a rampage in the past two months. ( dont know where to begin and have no clue how it will end)

This is the flashback for the past 2 months :

RBI sequence of events and our comments

GOI measures and our comments

The real Question

RBI - Is it sovereign anymore?

What is clear is that with the current interest rates /polices - dont expect Production to be in great shape for 2007.

Conclusion (click on image for a clearer visual)

1) 3 month rolling average looks like dropping towards 9 % p.a towards Jun’07.

It is now likely that annual IIP calculated on a monthly basis may drop towards Jun’07. This expectancy contradicts last report - please see the note ( in “block quotes”)for the reason.

2) IIP could then range between 10% - 12% p.a towards end ‘07
 

Note : ( another fascinating habit of the GOI )

The Government of India has restated IIP for : 

  • Nov’07 from 15.4% p.a to 15.8% p.a
  • Dec’07 from 11.1% p.a to 12.5% p.a
  • Jan’07 from 10.9% p.a to 11.4% p.a

This results in the 3 month average touching the 13.2% in Jan’07 ( originally data reflected as 12.2% p.a)

The previous report had indicated that the 3 month average would peak out at 13% and then drop.

Further the report went on to explain that , since the average still had space to rise, ( from the 12.2% towards 13%), the monthly growth  would continue to rise.

However having seen the restatement - we now have to assume that the 3 month average peaked out at 13% ( as expected) in  Jan’07. Therefore the monthly growth from here on now looks like its on a decline.    

While the Indian Govt data clearly stated in the Jan’07 report that the the Jan’07 figures are ”estimates ”  - its creative accounting for the Nov’07 - Dec’07 data needs to be noted.  

April 16th, 2007

Japan - Producer prices ( PPI ) inches up in Mar’07

Situation

  • On a monthly basis PPI grew by 0.30% in Mar’07 ( was at 0%  in Feb’07)
  • On an annual basis PPI grew at 2.01% ( 1.71% in Feb’07).

Back ground

Conclusion ( click / double click on image for a clearer visual )

PPI looks like it has further space to drop towards 1.35% p.a ( with a upside possibility of 2.10% p.a) 

The recent drops in PPI ( between Sept and Feb’07) will continue to cause further drops in CPI ( until April ‘07 ) - and - with  possibility of further drops in PPI - could result in CPI remaining low towards June’07.

Related Links

  1. Consumer Price Index (CPI) continues its drops into negative territory in Feb’07
  2. Producer Price Index (PPI) annual growth rate drops in Feb’07 
  3. Bank leaves rates unchanged
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